【解説人語】日本郵便「違約金」の実態 「たばこの臭いで10万」も
誤って配達したり、荷物にたばこのにおいがついていたと客から指摘されたら、「違約金」を支払う……。日本郵便が宅配を委託している業者とこんなルールをつくっていたことがわかりました。「違約金」は数千円といったものから、一部地域では「たばこの臭いで10万円」というケースも。
ドライバーにとっては、1日の収入の多くを失うこともあり、公正取引委員会も一部の違約金額の設定などについて「下請法違反」を認定しました。
現場で何が起きているのか。沢伸也編集委員が解説します。
Vocabulary
Word (Furigana) | JLPT Level | Part of Speech | Meaning |
---|---|---|---|
誤る (あやまる) | N2 | godan verb | to make a mistake |
配達 (はいたつ) | N2 | noun | delivery |
指摘 (してき) | N2 | noun/ichidan verb | indication; to point out |
違約金 (いやくきん) | N2 | noun | penalty for breach of contract |
支払う (しはらう) | N2 | godan verb | to pay |
失う (うしなう) | N2 | godan verb | to lose |
公正 (こうせい) | N2 | な-adjective | fair; just |
取引 (とりひき) | N2 | noun | transaction |
認定 (にんてい) | N2 | noun/ichidan verb | certification; to recognize |
現場 (げんば) | N2 | noun | site; scene |
起きる (おきる) | N2 | ichidan verb | to occur |
つく (つく) | N3 | godan verb | to stick; to adhere |
ルール (るーる) | N3 | noun | rule |
業者 (ぎょうしゃ) | N3 | noun | contractor; business |
ケース (けーす) | N3 | noun | case |
多く (おおく) | N3 | adverb | many; a lot |
一部 (いちぶ) | N3 | noun | a part; a portion |
設定 (せってい) | N3 | noun/ichidan verb | setting; to set up |
違反 (いはん) | N3 | noun | violation |
収入 (しゅうにゅう) | N3 | noun | income |
失う (うしなう) | N2 | godan verb | to lose |
つく (つく) | N3 | godan verb | to create; to make |
解説 (かいせつ) | N2 | noun/ichidan verb | explanation; to explain |
たばこ (たばこ) | N3 | noun | tobacco |
臭い (におい) | N2 | noun | smell |
ついている (ついている) | N2 | ichidan verb | to be attached; to be stuck |
失う (うしなう) | N2 | godan verb | to lose |
何 (なに) | N3 | pronoun | what |
こと (こと) | N3 | noun | thing; matter |
つく (つく) | N3 | godan verb | to arrive; to reach |
いる (いる) | N5 | ichidan verb | to exist; to be |
Grammar and Sentence Structure
「違約金」は数千円といったものから、一部地域では「たばこの臭いで10万円」というケースも。
Grammatical Points:
- 「といったものから」 is a phrase that indicates examples or categories. It can be translated as “such as” or “including.”
- 「というケースも」 means “there are also cases” and is used to introduce an example or a specific situation.
Structure:
- The sentence starts with the subject 「違約金」 (penalty fee), followed by a description of the amounts, indicating that it can range from a few thousand yen. It then transitions to a specific example in certain regions, where the penalty can be as high as 100,000 yen due to the smell of tobacco. The structure effectively contrasts general cases with a specific, notable example.
ドライバーにとっては、1日の収入の多くを失うこともあり、公正取引委員会も一部の違約金額の設定などについて「下請法違反」を認定しました。
Grammatical Points:
- 「にとっては」 indicates a perspective or viewpoint, meaning “from the standpoint of” or “for.”
- 「こともあり」 is used to indicate that there are instances or situations where something occurs, translating to “there are also cases where.”
- 「認定しました」 is the past tense of 「認定する」 (to recognize or certify), indicating that the action has been completed.
Structure:
- The sentence begins with the perspective of the drivers, stating that they may lose a significant portion of their daily income. It then introduces the action taken by the Fair Trade Commission, which recognized some of the penalty amounts as violations of the subcontracting law. The structure connects the impact on drivers with the regulatory response, highlighting the consequences of the rules.
日本郵便が宅配を委託している業者とこんなルールをつくっていたことがわかりました。
Grammatical Points:
- 「が」 is a subject marker, indicating that 日本郵便 (Japan Post) is the subject of the sentence.
- 「委託している」 is the present continuous form of 「委託する」 (to entrust or outsource), showing an ongoing action.
- 「ことがわかりました」 means “it has been understood” or “it has come to light,” indicating a realization or discovery.
Structure:
- The sentence begins with the subject (Japan Post) and describes its ongoing action of outsourcing delivery to certain companies. It concludes with the realization that such rules were established, emphasizing the discovery aspect. The structure effectively conveys the relationship between the subject and the action, leading to the conclusion that these rules exist.
Quiz
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