「柿食えば……」首相、奈良の柿を試食し恒例の1句 所信表明を引用

岸田文雄首相は1日、官邸で奈良県の柿生産者らの表敬訪問を受け、同県産の柿「平核無」を試食した。毎年恒例の秋の味覚に合わせた俳句も披露した。
首相になって3度目の柿の試食に「俳句を作るのが恒例というのがずっと頭にあって、悩んでいた」と話し、「柿食えばよりよい明日へ奈良のまち」と詠んだ。臨時国会で「日本国民が『明日は今日より良くなる』と信じられる時代を実現する」と訴えた所信表明演説を引用した。
首相は、昨年の表敬訪問の際には「柿食えば観光復活奈良のまち」、一昨年は「柿食えばコロナ打ち勝つ奈良のまち」と詠んでいる。(木佐貫将司)
Vocabulary
| Word (Furigana) | JLPT Level | Part of Speech | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 岸田 (きしだ) | N/A | Proper noun | Kishida (surname) |
| 文雄 (ふみお) | N/A | Proper noun | Fumio (given name) |
| 首相 (しゅしょう) | N/A | Noun | Prime Minister |
| 1日 (ついたち) | N/A | Noun | 1st day of the month |
| 官邸 (かんてい) | N/A | Noun | Official residence |
| 奈良県 (ならけん) | N/A | Proper noun | Nara Prefecture |
| 柿 (かき) | N/A | Noun | Persimmon |
| 柿生産者 (かきせいさんしゃ) | N/A | Noun | Persimmon producer |
| 表敬訪問 (ひょうけいほうもん) | N/A | Noun | Courtesy visit |
| 受ける (うける) | N/A | Verb (ichidan) | To receive |
| 同県 (どうけん) | N/A | Noun | The same prefecture |
| 産 (さん) | N/A | Suffix | Production |
| 平核無 (ひらたねなし) | N/A | Noun | Seedless persimmon |
| 試食 (ししょく) | N/A | Noun | Tasting |
| 毎年 (まいとし) | N/A | Noun | Every year |
| 恒例 (こうれい) | N/A | Noun | Customary |
| 秋 (あき) | N/A | Noun | Autumn |
| 味覚 (みかく) | N/A | Noun | Taste |
| 合わせる (あわせる) | N/A | Verb (ichidan) | To match |
| 俳句 (はいく) | N/A | Noun | Haiku |
| 披露する (ひろうする) | N/A | Verb (irregular) | To present |
| 首相 (しゅしょう) | N/A | Noun | Prime Minister |
| なる (なる) | N/A | Verb (irregular) | To become |
| 3度目 (さんどめ) | N/A | Noun | Third time |
| 作る (つくる) | N/A | Verb (godan) | To make |
| 恒例 (こうれい) | N/A | Noun | Customary |
| 頭 (あたま) | N/A | Noun | Head |
| 悩む (なやむ) | N/A | Verb (godan) | To worry |
| 柿食えば (かきくえば) | N/A | Phrase | If you eat persimmons |
| よりよい (よりよい) | N/A | Adjective (い-adjective) | Better |
| 明日 (あす) | N/A | Noun | Tomorrow |
| 奈良 (なら) | N/A | Proper noun | Nara (city) |
| まち (まち) | N/A | Noun | Town |
| 詠む (よむ) | N/A | Verb (godan) | To compose (poetry) |
| 臨時国会 (りんじこっかい) | N/A | Noun | Extraordinary Diet session |
| 日本国民 (にほんこくみん) | N/A | Noun | Japanese people |
| 信じる (しんじる) | N/A | Verb (godan) | To believe |
| 時代 (じだい) | N/A | Noun | Era |
| 実現する (じつげんする) | N/A | Verb (suru) | To realize |
| 訴える (うったえる) | N/A | Verb (godan) | To appeal |
| 所信表明演説 (しょしんひょうめいえんぜつ) | N/A | Noun | Policy speech |
| 引用する (いんようする) | N/A | Verb (suru) | To quote |
| 昨年 (さくねん) | N/A | Noun | Last year |
| 際 (さい) | N/A | Suffix | On the occasion of |
| 観光 (かんこう) | N/A | Noun | Sightseeing |
| 復活 (ふっかつ) | N/A | Noun | Revival |
| 一昨年 (おととし) | N/A | Noun | The year before last |
| コロナ (ころな) | N/A | Noun | Corona (short for coronavirus) |
| 打ち勝つ (うちかつ) | N/A | Verb (godan) | To overcome |
| 木佐貫 (きさぬき) | N/A | Proper noun | Kisanuki (surname) |
| 将司 (しょうじ) | N/A | Proper noun | Shoji (given name) |
Grammar and Sentence Structure
Sentence 1:
「柿食えばよりよい明日へ奈良のまち」と詠んだ。
Grammatical points:
- 食えば (tabe-eba): conditional form of the verb 食べる (to eat)
- よりよい (yori yoi): comparative form of the adjective 良い (good)
- 明日へ (asu e): “towards tomorrow” or “to a better tomorrow”
- 奈良のまち (Nara no machi): “the town of Nara”
Structure of the sentence:
- The sentence starts with the verb 詠んだ (yonda), which means “composed” or “recited”.
- The verb is followed by the phrase 「柿食えばよりよい明日へ奈良のまち」(kaki tabe ba yori yoi asu e Nara no machi), which can be translated as “If you eat persimmons, towards a better tomorrow, the town of Nara.”
- The phrase 「柿食えば」(kaki tabe ba) is a conditional clause meaning “If you eat persimmons”.
- The adjective 「よりよい」(yori yoi) modifies the noun 「明日」(asu) and means “better”.
- The phrase 「奈良のまち」(Nara no machi) means “the town of Nara” and functions as the object of the verb 詠んだ (yonda).
Sentence 2:
臨時国会で「日本国民が『明日は今日より良くなる』と信じられる時代を実現する」と訴えた所信表明演説を引用した。
Grammatical points:
- 信じられる (shinji-rareru): potential form of the verb 信じる (to believe)
- 実現する (jitsugen suru): suru-verb meaning “to realize” or “to achieve”
- 引用した (in’yō shita): past tense of the verb 引用する (to quote)
Structure of the sentence:
- The sentence starts with the verb 引用した (in’yō shita), which means “quoted”.
- The verb is followed by the noun phrase 「臨時国会で」(rinji kokkai de), which means “in the extraordinary session of the Diet”.
- The noun phrase is followed by the quotation 「日本国民が『明日は今日より良くなる』と信じられる時代を実現する」(Nihon kokumin ga ‘ashita wa kyō yori yoku naru’ to shinji-rareru jidai o jitsugen suru), which can be translated as “realizing an era where the Japanese people can believe that tomorrow will be better than today”.
- The quotation includes the phrase 「日本国民が『明日は今日より良くなる』と信じられる」(Nihon kokumin ga ‘ashita wa kyō yori yoku naru’ to shinji-rareru), which means “the Japanese people can believe that tomorrow will be better than today”.
- The verb 信じられる (shinji-rareru) is in the potential form, indicating the ability or possibility of belief.
- The quotation also includes the phrase 「時代を実現する」(jidai o jitsugen suru), which means “to realize an era”.
Sentence 3:
昨年の表敬訪問の際には「柿食えば観光復活奈良のまち」、一昨年は「柿食えばコロナ打ち勝つ奈良のまち」と詠んでいる。
Grammatical points:
- 復活 (fukkatsu): noun meaning “revival” or “resurrection”
- 打ち勝つ (uchi-katsu): verb phrase meaning “to overcome” or “to defeat”
- 詠んでいる (yonde iru): progressive form of the verb 詠む (to compose) combined with the auxiliary verb いる (to be)
Structure of the sentence:
- The sentence starts with the phrase 「昨年の表敬訪問の際には」(sakunen no hyōkei hōmon no sai ni wa), which means “on the occasion of last year’s courtesy visit”.
- The phrase is followed by two quotations separated by a comma.
- The first quotation is 「柿食えば観光復活奈良のまち」(kaki tabe ba kankō fukkatsu Nara no machi), which means “If you eat persimmons, the town of Nara will revive tourism”.
- The second quotation is 「柿食えばコロナ打ち勝つ奈良のまち」(kaki tabe ba korona uchi-katsu Nara no machi), which means “If you eat persimmons, the town of Nara will overcome the coronavirus”.
- Both quotations end with the verb 詠んでいる (yonde iru), which means “are composing” or “are reciting”.
- The verb is in the progressive form, indicating an ongoing action.